The Nephron Information Center
Essential reading list

Nephrology Topic PubMed Reference Table

One curated PubMed-indexed anchor reference for each curriculum subtopic. Use the section buttons to focus the table; the PMID links open PubMed directly.

SectionSubtopicCitationPMID
Chronic Kidney DiseaseStaging and risk stratificationLevin A, et al. Executive summary of the KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney International. 2024;105:684-701.38519239
Chronic Kidney DiseaseAlbuminuria categoriesMurton M, et al. Burden of chronic kidney disease by KDIGO categories of glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria: a systematic review. Advances in Therapy. 2021;38:180-200.33231861
Chronic Kidney DiseaseSGLT2 eraHeerspink HJL, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;383:1436-1446.32970396
Chronic Kidney DiseaseNonsteroidal MRAsBakris GL, et al. Effect of finerenone on chronic kidney disease outcomes in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;383:2219-2229.33264825
Chronic Kidney DiseaseCKD anemiaCollister D, Rigatto C, Tangri N. Anemia management in chronic kidney disease and dialysis: a narrative review. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 2017;26:214-218.28306566
Chronic Kidney DiseaseCKD-MBDElias RM, et al. CKD-MBD: from the pathogenesis to the identification and development of potential novel therapeutic targets. Current Osteoporosis Reports. 2018;16:693-702.30291515
Chronic Kidney DiseaseMetabolic acidosisRaphael KL. Metabolic acidosis in CKD: pathogenesis, adverse effects, and treatment effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024;25:5187.38791238
Chronic Kidney DiseaseCardiorenal overlapRangaswami J, et al. Cardiorenal syndrome: classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Circulation. 2019;139:e840-e878.30852913
Acute Kidney InjuryKDIGO stagingKellum JA, Lameire N; KDIGO AKI Guideline Work Group. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of acute kidney injury: a KDIGO summary. Critical Care. 2013;17:204.23394211
Acute Kidney InjurySepsis-AKIManrique-Caballero CL, Del Rio-Pertuz G, Gomez H. Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Critical Care Clinics. 2021;37:279-301.33752856
Acute Kidney InjuryContrast nephropathyChalikias G, Drosos I, Tziakas DN. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury: an update. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. 2016;30:215-228.26780748
Acute Kidney InjuryTiming of dialysisSTARRT-AKI Investigators, et al. Timing of initiation of renal-replacement therapy in acute kidney injury. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;383:240-251.32668114
Acute Kidney InjuryAKI-to-CKD transitionZhang T, Widdop RE, Ricardo SD. Transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease: mechanisms, models, and biomarkers. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. 2024;327:F788-F805.39298548
Glomerular DiseaseIgA nephropathyStoneman S, Teh JW, O'Shaughnessy MM. IgA nephropathy in adults: a review. JAMA. 2026.41587026
Glomerular DiseaseMembranous nephropathyRonco P, et al. Membranous nephropathy. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2021;7:69.34593809
Glomerular DiseaseLupus nephritisHoussiau FA, Lauwerys BR. Current management of lupus nephritis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology. 2013;27:319-328.24238689
Glomerular DiseaseANCA vasculitisKonda R, Rajasekaran A, Rizk DV. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 2024;33:503-511.38785128
Glomerular DiseaseComplement disordersDixit S, et al. C3 glomerulopathy: advancements in diagnostics and therapeutics. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 2026.41208293
Glomerular DiseasePodocytopathiesHengel FE, et al. Autoantibodies targeting nephrin in podocytopathies. New England Journal of Medicine. 2024;390:2221-2232.38804512
Electrolytes & Acid-BaseSodium disordersHoorn EJ, Zietse R. Diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia: compilation of the guidelines. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2017;28:1340-1349.28174217
Electrolytes & Acid-BasePotassium disordersElliott TL, Braun M. Electrolytes: potassium disorders. FP Essentials. 2017;459:21-28.28806047
Electrolytes & Acid-BaseType 4 RTAPalmer BF, Kelepouris E, Clegg DJ. Renal tubular acidosis and management strategies: a narrative review. Advances in Therapy. 2021;38:949-968.33367987
Electrolytes & Acid-BaseDelta-delta reasoningRastegar A. Use of the delta anion gap/delta bicarbonate ratio in the diagnosis of mixed acid-base disorders. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2007;18:2429-2431.17656477
Electrolytes & Acid-BaseToxic alcoholsRoss JA, Borek HA, Holstege CP. Toxic alcohols. Critical Care Clinics. 2021;37:643-656.34053711
Dialysis & RRTAdequacyTorreggiani M, et al. Toward an individualized determination of dialysis adequacy: a narrative review with special emphasis on incremental hemodialysis. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics. 2021;21:1119-1137.34595991
Dialysis & RRTUltrafiltration injuryMermelstein A, et al. Ultrafiltration rate levels in hemodialysis patients associated with weight-specific mortality risks. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2023;18:767-776.36913263
Dialysis & RRTCRRT dosingProwle JR, Schneider A, Bellomo R. Clinical review: optimal dose of continuous renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury. Critical Care. 2011;15:207.21489322
Dialysis & RRTIncremental dialysisGarofalo C, et al. Incremental dialysis in ESRD: systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Nephrology. 2019;32:823-836.30604150
Dialysis & RRTPeritoneal physiologyKhanna R, Nolph KD. The physiology of peritoneal dialysis. American Journal of Nephrology. 1989;9:504-512.2688427
TransplantBanff criteriaLoupy A, Mengel M, Haas M. Thirty years of the International Banff Classification for allograft pathology. Kidney International. 2022;101:678-691.34922989
TransplantAMRPuttarajappa C, Shapiro R, Tan HP. Antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplantation: a review. Journal of Transplantation. 2012;2012:193724.22577514
TransplantCellular rejectionHalloran PF. T cell-mediated rejection of kidney transplants: a personal viewpoint. American Journal of Transplantation. 2010;10:1126-1134.20346061
TransplantBK nephropathyBorriello M, et al. BK virus infection and BK-virus-associated nephropathy in renal transplant recipients. Genes. 2022;13:1290.35886073
TransplantImmunosuppressant toxicitiesNaesens M, Kuypers DRJ, Sarwal M. Calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2009;4:481-508.19218475
Hereditary Kidney DiseaseADPKDChebib FT, Hanna C, Harris PC, Torres VE, Dahl NK. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a review. JAMA. 2025.40126492
Hereditary Kidney DiseaseAlportSavige J. Alport syndrome: an update. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 2025;34:206-211.39840589
Hereditary Kidney DiseaseAPOL1Friedman DJ, Pollak MR. APOL1 nephropathy: from genetics to clinical applications. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2021;16:294-303.32616495
Hereditary Kidney DiseaseFabry diseaseDel Pino M, et al. Fabry nephropathy: an evidence-based narrative review. Kidney and Blood Pressure Research. 2018;43:406-421.29558749